This site, comprising two pages, is an extension of the Military and Paramilitary Flags of Singapore pages with regard to the ranks of the following services of the Republic of Singapore:

This site is aimed at:
- providing a comparative survey of the current ranks of the respective services,
- outlining the historical evolution of ranks of the various services, and
- a consideration of national and cross-national comparison of ranks.

In all of the above, the focus of these pages is primarily centred on the matter of rank insignias. A very minimal focus is given on organisational and appointment structure matters, issues pertaining to rank equivalence, and the history of rank titles. Information on these are however not entirely ignored and incorporated where possible. 

The current Page 1 will be concerned with the current ranks of the services, while Page 2 is concerned with issues related to historical ranks, symbol and rank hierarchies analysis, secondary rank distinguishing markings, and ceremonial uniforms. (to Page 2)

The officers of the CNB do not wear uniforms due to the covert nature of their operations and thus rank insignias do not exist in the service. CNB however does have a rank structure resembling that of the other enforcement services which have nonetheless been noted on this page. (See Page 1, Chapter 1i of the Military & Paramilitary Flags of Singapore site for an overview of organisational classification issues.) As an alternative, the term "enforcement services" is used to specifically refer to the Police, Prisons, CNB, ICA, and Customs services. "Emergency services" would normally refer to the police, fire, rescue, and emergency ambulance services.

In my opinion and definition, a uniformed service's rank can be further defined as something that features a rank title and a corresponding rank insignia. An entire set of these arranged hierarchically reflecting increasing authority and responsibilities forms a rank structure. A rank insignia is comprised of a single or multiple charge(s). These charges range from simple ones such as basic geometric shapes (known as ordinaries and sub-ordinaries in heraldry), to objects, to complex charges such as badges or coat of arms. Similar charges may appear repeated or different charges may be combined to form an insignia. Charges are to be arranged in a given prescribed order in cases where more than one charge is used. Rank titles also have rich histories of their own but is not the focus of this page. Nonetheless, a very brief note on rank title history is included in the historical ranks section on Page 2.

It should be noted that the Singapore Armed Forces, Singapore Police Force and Singapore Civil Defence Force are comprised of career staff (regulars) and conscripts (National Servicemen). The latter is further divided into full-time conscripts and reservists. In addition to these three divisions, the Police force is also comprised of the Volunteer Special Constabulary and the Gurkha Contingent schemes of service. The Singapore Civil Defence Force also has the Civil Defence Auxiliary scheme for uniformed volunteers in addition to its career and conscript staff. The rank structures applicable for each of these schemes of service are generally different from one another (such as maximum and minimum attainable ranks for conscripts and for career staff, entry-level rank, etc.). These differences are not explored intensively on this page and a unitary view of each service's rank structure is instead adopted. The other services (Prisons, CNB, ICA, and Customs) are only comprised of career staff and their respective rank structures are thus more unitary in application within the particular service. The rank insignias as used by the Singapore Police Force is also utilised by the Auxiliary Police Forces. Their structure is instructed in the Police Force Act, where "Every Auxiliary Police Force shall be organised in ranks similar to those of the Police Force, and shall be subject to the authority of the Commissioner for the maintenance of law and order, the preservation of public peace and the detection of crimes within the limits of Singapore" Cap. 235, Section 96(3). 

Collapse

---

The rank structures of the respective services have been divided into three levels, generally corresponding to the table earlier. In the absence of common-level names, the levels have been generally classified as follow: 
Level 1 - 'Rank-and-File', to refer to general members of the services, 
Level 2 - 'Lower & Intermediate Command & Management', to refer to the services' intermediate-level ranks; and 
Level 3 - 'Senior Command & Management' to refer to the General, Admiral, Commissioner, Director, and Director-General level ranks. 

These are, however, unofficial terms used here for organisational purposes. Level 2 and Level 3 are essentially one contiguous group, but treated separately here as it is quite possible to do so especially where rank insignias are concerned. Within each level, the following information will be presented: 

Part A:   Here, a brief presentation on basic issues associated with the level will be provided and more importantly, a description of the basic charges that forms the rank insignias is detailed. As heraldry is an interest of mine, I have used heraldic terms to describe the designs where it may be useful. Some historical changes will also be noted here. Historical ranks are presented in greater detail in a dedicated section on Page 2. 

Part B:   The cross-service comparisons has allowed for the establishment of two generalised aggregated rank insignia streams or models in the Singapore case. These theoretical models will then be presented and discussed before the service specific ranks are presented in detail. In addition to a purely national-level (local) cross-service comparison of rank insignia models, some basic insignia comparison will also be made at cross-national level for extra breadth. It is hoped that this will allow for generalisations and deviances to be made and noted at national and international levels where rank insignias are concerned.

Part C:   Thirdly, the comparative table specifically detailing the current rank titles, insignias, and structure of each service is then presented. The ranks are observed vertically with higher seniority as one descends the table. The ranks are placed horizontally reflective of the theoretical rank insignia increment table/s presented in Part B. Horizontal observation, however, does not necessarily reflect equivalent status of a certain rank. Comparative rank insignia is the main objective of this page which differs significantly from issues related to rank status correspondence.

Rank Correspondence:   Rank correspondence and equivalence is not the primary objective of these pages. If you are interested in finding out the corresponding conscript ranks for Level 1 and Level 2 personnel of the Singapore Armed Forces, Singapore Civil Defence Force, and Singapore Police Force, please refer to the press releases and annexes of the Ministry of Defence on 16 May 2002 and Ministry of Home Affairs on 17 May 2002 regarding the revision of national service allowances for 2002 (using basic rank allowance as a basis of comparison). See also the Ministry of Defence press release in relation to Record V committee recommendations of 11 September 2009 for another update. Level 3 ranks are typically Superscale grade ranks.

After the above in-service ranks are presented, there follows a presentation of the services' trainee rank insignias.

The different rank insignias for use on the different types of uniforms worn by these services have also been represented differing primarily in the matter of colour combinations more than anything else. The different uniforms are generally as follow:

No.1 - Ceremonial Dress, No.2 - Mess Kit, No.3 - Working Dress, No.4 - Field Dress / No.4C - Coveralls/Flightsuits, and No.5 - Formal Dress (with or without Jacket) / No.5T - Formal Dress (long-sleeved shirt and tie without jacket) / No.5J - Formal Dress (long-sleeved shirt and tie with jacket).

The SAF (Army, Navy, and Air Force), the Civil Defence Force, the Police Force, and the Prisons Service is understood to have all of them. Using the military & paramilitary services' dress code, the ICA has the No.3, No.4, and No.5. Customs officers are usually seen in their No.3 uniform. Texts, which appear on the epaulette rank insignias of the SAF, SCDF, ICA, and Customs, do not constitute as a component part of the rank insignias and serve mainly as a service-distinguishing feature. The majority of rank insignias are embroidered on cloth. Exceptions include lady military officers (ranks of Warrant Officers and above) who wear anodised rank insignias on certain uniforms. SCDF lady senior officers wear their rank insignia on the right chest portion of the mess dress rather than on epaulettes. Epaulettes for the ceremonial dress are perhaps more accurately and commonly known as shoulder boards. Shoulder boards are also used for the formal jacket and mess kit in most services. There may be some overlap in the different uniform's rank insignia between services.

Collapse

---

1A. General Issues and Basic Charges Used for Rank Insignias 

We begin with the personnel who are usually at the forefront of carrying out the basic duties and functions of the service. "Other Ranks" is perhaps a possible alternative term but used mainly in the military forces. This group is comprised of enlistees, non-commissioned officers (NCOs or more recently referred to as "Specialists"), and senior specialists with authority and responsibilities almost equivalent to the lower command and management officers (Warrant Officers, Station Inspectors, Checkpoint Inspectors, Chief Warders, Chief Customs Officers). The rank-and-file group use the following charges, both simple and complex, for their rank insignias:

• Chevrons. Chevrons couped are used by all services. In heraldry, a chevron is drawn as a vertically inverted 'V' with the apex at the top (/\), while a chevron reversed appears as a normal letter 'V' with the apex at the base. In heraldry, 'couped' is the description added to indicate that a charge's ends had been cut off, without which a charge would have to be presented continuously from end to end of the field on which the charge appears. In Singapore, chevrons have acute angles while chevrons reversed have obtuse angles (Customs & ICA excepted). These chevrons are more accurately called "bar chevrons" as they are considered to emerge from the dexter (right) and sinister (left) perimeter rather than from the base or chief (top) perimeter as required on a shield under the principles of heraldry. 

  • The diminutive of the chevron is the chevronel, which is half the height of a typical chevron, used in one instance in the SAF. Personally a chevron rompu or chevron decouplé would have been more visually distinctive as compared to a chevronel.

• Bars. Bars arched are used on certain rank insignias of the SAF, SCDF, and Customs. Inverted ones will be additionally termed reversed (U). The term couped will be added if the bar arched is cut off neatly and vertically at its ends rather than merging with chevrons in whole.

  • Barrulet/s, the diminutive of the bar, is used by the Military Domain Expert Scheme corresponding ranks in multiples. The specialty badge of this scheme is a national arms placed within a mascle or voided lozenge.

• Rank version of the State/National Arms for all services

  • In all instances, when used as a rank charge, the Arms of Singapore is rendered differently from its original depiction. In the rank version, the shield and supporters (the lion and tiger) remain. However, the original compartment (water spurts) is replaced with palm fronds and the motto-scroll bearing "Majulah Singapura" is done away with. From a distance, the palm fronds are not very distinguishable from the original water spurts. The arms are unfortunately often incorrectly called the crest. Singapore does not have any crest (See Page 1, Part ii of Chapter 2 of the Military & Paramilitary Flags of Singapore site for a more in-depth description of the armorial bearings of the Republic of Singapore). The use of the palm fronds with the shield and supporters was possibly to have been derived from the badge of the Singapore Armed Forces as used in the first instance by the Singapore Infantry Regiment (See the Military and Paramilitary Flags of Singapore site: Page 1 - Section 2.1 on the Singapore Armed Forces, Page 1 - Section 2.2B on the Singapore Army, and Page 2 - Section 4.1D on the 1st Singapore Infantry Regimental Colours of 1961). This rank version of the national arms have since been adopted by other services as well.

  • Singapore Customs service badge without title-scroll. The rank insignias of the Senior & Chief Customs Officers do not feature the rank version of the national coat of arms as is described above at this level. Instead, they use part of their service emblem, which incorporates the national arms (without the motto-scroll) surmounting the fronds, caduceus, and keys.

• Laurels are used by the Police, Prisons, and ICA in a wreath form.

The SAF rank insignias for ranks below Warrant Officers are displayed on the uniforms' upper sleeves on all uniforms except the digital camouflage uniforms where all ranks display the ranks at the centre chest position and singularly. The SAF Warrant Officers' rank insignias is worn on the epaulettes (under the original concept prior to the adoption of the digital pattern combat uniforms) as they are said to have responsibilities and authority equal to the military junior commissioned officers. The SAF's Military Domain Experts however wear their rank insignias on epaulettes on the working dress since the inception of the scheme in 2009/2010. The SCDF (since 2004), Police (since 1997), Prisons (since 1997), ICA, and Customs wear their rank insignias on rank slides affixed on the shoulders throughout. The police ranks displayed to follow applies mainly to regular and conscript staff unless otherwise noted.

1B. National & Cross-National Comparative Models of Rank Insignia for the Rank-and-File Personnel

The following chart depicts the current two basic rank insignia models used by the Singapore services and also charts a summary of rank insignia evolution from past models. The basic model based on chevrons was used in Europe and was exported to Singapore through Singapore's colonial episode. Upon independence, the Singapore military followed the British rank model with exceptions and appropriate substitution of charges where necessary until 1992 when the number of ranks were increased. Singapore police generally continued with the past model after independence. The Singapore enforcement services today still use a smaller number of ranks like the historical models. The most significant deviance from the historical models occurred when the senior sub-officer rank insignias was changed, beginning with the military warrant officers' adoption of a new insignia pattern in 1992, a pattern which was adopted by the civil defence force sometime between 1992 and 1996, then adopted by the police force and prisons service by 1996 / 1997, with the customs & excise department following suit in 2001, and then adopted by the immigration & checkpoints service upon establishment in 2003. It should also be noted however that other unique rank insignia systems by the different services existed in the past as detailed in the section on historical ranks (Page 2).

In actual practice and adoption as will be observed in the table following this chart, there is the bypassing of certain rank insignias by some enforcement services which causes a rank insignia similarity but official rank equivalency displacement. As this is a comparison of insignias, rank titles have been excluded. At this level, the Singapore Civil Defence Force features both the Singapore military and enforcement services models for its ranks.

1C. Table Detailing Specific Rank Titles, Insignias, and Structures of the Singapore Services

The ranks are arranged below according to the basic model as presented above. Horizontal observation does not necessarily equate to correspondence or equivalency of a particular rank.

Notes on Rank Titles: The basic rank titles, excluding modifiers/adjectives and/or ordinals/numerals that increases or decreases its relative position in the structure, for this level are Private, Constable, Corporal, Lance Corporal, Warder, Customs Officer, Sergeant, Warrant Officer, Station Inspector, and Checkpoint Inspector.

Dress Codes: No.1 - Ceremonial Dress, No.2 - Mess Kit, No.3 - Working Dress, No.4 - Field Dress / No.4C - Coveralls/Flightsuits, and No.5 - Formal Dress (with or without Jacket) / No.5T - Formal Dress (long-sleeved shirt and tie without jacket) / No.5J - Formal Dress (long-sleeved shirt and tie with jacket). Hover on rank insignia image to view information.

 Central Narcotics Bureau 
 Narcotics Officers  : Corporal ∙ Sergeant ∙ Staff Sergeant ∙ Senior Staff Sergeant ∙ Station Inspector ∙ Senior Station Inspector 1 ∙ Senior Station Inspector 2

There exists a rank in the police force known as Constable that is rarely used in the regular scheme and used as the first rank by the other schemes of service (except for the full-time conscripted personnel who are known as Special Constables instead). When required, the officers of the regular scheme of this rank will wear a silver bar couped on an epaulette slip-on, an exceptional rank charge in this chevron-dominated group of ranks. The rank of Constable in the other schemes are not represented by any insignia, similar to the case of the Special Constable. This rank insignia was also used by the basic Warder rank of the Prisons service.

The  Singapore Armed Forces  Military Domain Expert Scheme (MDES)  comes into effect in the Singapore Armed Forces from April 2010 onwards for specialist vocations such as engineers. ME1 (Assistant Expert) to ME3 (Expert) ranks generally correspond to the ranks of the armed forces of 3rd Sergeant to Senior Warrant Officer. The MDES ranks are placed in the following table to correspond generally with the principal military ranks. 

Collapse

---

2A. General Issues and Basic Charges Used for Rank Insignias

The next group of ranks is for those at the lower and intermediate command and management level of the services. Generally speaking, holders of these ranks lead the rank-and-file personnel, and/or oversee the services' various line and staff departments/formations. The SAF divides this group into Junior Officers and Senior Officers while the paramilitary/emergency and enforcement services refer to them in whole as Senior Officers. The military officers are also known better as Commissioned Officers. The higher command and management level ranks; i.e., the General, Admiral, Commissioner, Director, and Director-General level ranks are the next group of ranks presented separately.

All officers from the various services display the rank insignias on the epaulettes except on the digital camouflage uniforms. Lady military officers (and lady military warrant officers) wear anodized versions of the ranks on their collars in certain instances (No.3 & No.5 uniforms). Civil Defence lady officers wear the insignia on the chest portion of the No.2 uniform.

Presently, the rank version of the national arms is used by all services as well as the following specific charges:

SAF (Army, Navy, & Air Force) : Bars. Bars couped are used by the junior officers of the military services. In heraldry, 'couped' is the description added to indicate that a charge's ends had been cut off without which a charge would have to be presented continuously from end to end of the epaulette. This is perhaps a useful distinction as default bars (full bars) are used as rank insignias of officer cadets as presented in the section on trainee rank insignias. Full bars are also used by the various national cadet corps. The rank insignias of the SAF Military Domain Expert Scheme (MDES) are also based on full bars and its diminutive (the barrulet) created in 2009. Barrulet is used in multiples by the lower MDES ranks. The MDES' specialty badge is a national arms placed within a mascle or voided lozenge.  Laurels (laid flat) are used in one instance in the military ranks, that of the Senior Lieutenant-Colonel rank created in 2009. Police, Prisons, Civil Defence, ICA, and Customs : Pips (or more appropriately, Stars): Four-sided starbursts (currently designed with twenty rays in total) with the crescent and five stars from the national arms of Singapore on a disc at the centre. "Pip" is an informal term which should be more appropriately called a star. These Singapore pips are referred to in official publications of the military and police as the "military pattern star", which is not the most helpful of terms. Personally, perhaps "Singapore rank star badge" would be more appropriate. Although these pips feature the crescent and stars, it is not regarded as the Arms. It is perhaps more classifiable as a badge - a standalone device that incorporates elements from the arms of an entity with which it is associated. These starburst badges evolved from those used by the British army and police which was also used in colonial Singapore. The original British pips is an adaptation of the star as used by the Military Division Knights and Dames Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (except Household Divisions who uses the stars of other orders).

2B. National & Cross-National Comparative Models of Rank Insignia for Lower & Intermediate Command & Management Officers

The chart below illustrates the rank insignia increment as used by the lower & intermediate command and management ranks. Although different charges are used, the rank insignia models can be said to be parallel to one another. The model used by the enforcement services of Singapore is similar to the model used by the Commonwealth Armies (in particular the UK - Army and Royal Marines, Australia, and New Zealand), while the current Singapore armed forces model is to an extent rather unique to Singapore but possibly influenced by the model used by the Indonesian Armed Forces. The Indonesian Armed Forces (Angkatan Bersenjata Republik Indonesia) was formed from the unification of their military and police services in the 1970s and new rank insignias were adopted for the officer ranks.

Bars are however commonly used worldwide. It is used in the US military but under a different format involving also the use of colour as a distinguishing element, limited to the first three ranks only, and capped at a maximum of two bars. In the case of France, bars are used up to the sixth rank of the lower and intermediate command and management group of ranks. Another commonly used rank insignia model is one based on the use of differing sized bars, as used currently by many Commonwealth Navies and Air Forces.

In actual practice and adoption as will be observed in Part C, there is the bypassing of certain rank insignias from the theoretically complete model, especially in the enforcement services, which partially causes a rank insignia similarity but rank correspondence displacement. 'Stars' here refer to the more popularly-referred-to charge known as pips and not the simple 5-pointed stars/mullets (Royal Navy badges based rank insignias use 8-pointed stars). As this is a comparison of insignias, rank titles have been excluded. Historically, the pre-1982 Army used insignias parallel to the current enforcement service model while Singapore's air force and navy used the basic bars model of the Commonwealth navies and air forces.

The British Army's current set of rank insignias for command and management ranks dates from the second half of the 1800s with changes in the first quarter of the 1900s. The use of crowns, stars, batons and swords in saltire, and batons in saltire however were already in place in the early 1800s in differing forms. The Royal Navy's bars came about around the mid-1800s as well and was adopted by the Royal Air Force later. The Royal Navy also had a rank insignia model based on complex charges now mainly retained by ranks of and above Commodores. These are illustrated in the section on symbol and rank hierarchies section on Page 2.

While the emergency and enforcement services typically start their rank insignia with two stars, a single star is used by the cadet officers of the police and civil defence cadet corps (see section on cadet corps). 

L2	Common- wealth Navies and Air Forces Basic Bars Rank Insignia Model	French Armed Forces Rank Insignia Model	Singapore Armed Forces Rank Insignia Model @	Singapore Enforcement Services Rank Insignia Model & Pre-1982 Singapore Army	Common- wealth Armies Rank Insignia Model	Royal Navy Badges- based Rank Insignia Model (c.1900) #
2.1	1 Closet *	1 Bar	1 Bar Couped	1 Star	1 Star	Fouled Anchor
2.2	1 Bar *	2 Bars	2 Bars Couped	2 Stars	2 Stars	Fouled Anchor
2.3	2 Bars	3 Bars	3 Bars Couped	3 Stars	3 Stars	1 Star, Fouled Anchor
2.4	1 Closet between 2 Bars	4 Bars	1 National Arms	1 National Arms	1 Crown	1 Crown, Fouled Anchor
2.5	3 Bars	5 Bars in alternating colours	2 National Arms	1 National Arms, 1 Star	1 Crown, 1 Star	1 Crown, 1 Star, Fouled Anchor
			2 National Arms above laurels
2.6	4 Bars	5 Bars in uniform colour	3 National Arms	1 National Arms, 2 Stars	1 Crown, 2 Stars	1 Crown, 2 Stars, Fouled Anchor
2.7	L3.1   1 Broad Band **			1 National Arms, 3 Stars (Army: 1968 to mid-1970s. Police: 1968 to 1982)	1 Crown, 3 Stars (See Note 1 in the Senior Command and Management section)	1 Crown, 2 Stars, Fouled Anchor
* : In the Canadian Forces, the insignia progression initially differs in which insignia 2.1 is a bar while insignia 2.2 is a closet above a bar. In heraldry, a closet is a diminutive of the bar, being half the height of the bar.  ** : This insignia technically belongs to the senior command and management level rank insignia group (Admirals and Air Marshals), with subsequent ranks featuring one, two, three, or four bars above one broad band. @ : The Indonesian Armed Forces (ABRI) rank insignia model adopted in the 1970s is as follow: one to three bars (2nd Lieutenant to Captain), one to three jasmine flowers (Major to Colonel), and one to five stars for Generals, Admirals, and Air Marshals. Singapore's change occurred in 1982. # : The rank insignias listed here are for the military branch of the Royal Navy. Navigating branch officers have two anchors in saltire in place of the fouled anchor. Officers in the civil branches have a star in place of the fouled anchor. (See Page 2, Symbol and Rank Hierarchies Analysis for illustration)

2C. Table Detailing Specific Rank Titles, Insignias, and Structures of the Singapore Services

The ranks are displayed below based on the table above in which there are seven rank insignia permutations for the lower and intermediate command and management group of ranks. Horizontal observation does not equate to the correspondence or equivalence of a particular rank (except for those within the military establishment).

Notes on Rank Titles: The basic rank titles, excluding modifiers/adjectives and/or ordinals/numerals that increases or decreases its relative position in the structure, for this level are Lieutenant, Inspector, Rehabilitation Officer, Captain, Major, Superintendent, and Colonel. Singapore Customs deviates in the choice of rank titles as compared to the rather standardised titles as used by the other enforcement services.

The  Singapore Armed Forces  Military Domain Expert Scheme (MDES)  comes into effect in the Singapore Armed Forces from April 2010 onwards for specialist vocations such as engineers. ME4 (Expert) to ME7 (Senior Principal Expert) ranks generally correspond to the commissioned ranks of the armed forces of Lieutenant to Colonel. The MDES ranks are placed in the following table to correspond generally with the principal military ranks.

Rank titles for the MDES are to be based on the following convention, with Engineers being used as an example: ME1-ME2 (Assistant Engineer) | ME3-ME4 (Engineer) | ME5 (Senior Engineer) | ME6 (Principal Engineer) | ME7 (Senior Principal Engineer) | ME8 (Chief Engineer).

Compare this system with the Royal Navy's system of rank in the 1800s-1900s when the service comprised the military branch, navigation branch, and civilian branches (Engineering, Medical, Accounting, Instructional, etc.) each with distinctive titles and rank insignia sets. The Royal Navy case (for officer ranks) is illustrated in the section on the Symbol and Rank Hierarchies Analysis on Page 2.

Dress Codes: No.1 - Ceremonial Dress, No.2 - Mess Kit, No.3 - Working Dress, No.4 - Field Dress / No.4C - Coveralls/Flightsuits, and No.5 - Formal Dress (with or without Jacket) / No.5T - Formal Dress (long-sleeved shirt and tie without jacket) / No.5J - Formal Dress (long-sleeved shirt and tie with jacket). Hover over rank insignia image to view information.

 Central Narcotics Bureau 
 Senior Narcotics Officers  : Inspector ∙ Assistant Superintendent ∙ Deputy Superintendent ∙ Superintendent

MILITARY				PARAMILITARY /  EMERGENCY & ENFORCEMENT SERVICES
SAF	Army	Navy	Air Force	Civil Defence	Police	Prisons	ICA	Customs
Military Experts	Junior Officers (Captain & below) Senior Officers (Major & above)			Senior Officers	Senior Police Officers	Senior Prison Officers	Senior Officers	Customs Specialists
	2nd Lieutenant	2nd Lieutenant	2nd Lieutenant
ME4 Expert (e.g. Engineer)	Lieutenant	Lieutenant	Lieutenant	Lieutenant	Inspector	Rehabilitation  Officer 1	Inspector
	Captain	Captain	Captain	Captain	Chief Inspector (Gurkha Contingent only) & Senior Inspector (Auxiliary Police Forces only)	Rehabilitation  Officer 2		Superin- tendent
ME5 Senior Expert (e.g. Senior Engineer)	Major	Major	Major	Major	Assistant Superin- tendent	Assistant Superin- tendent	Assistant Superin- tendent	Higher  Superin- tendent
ME6 Principal Expert (e.g. Principal Engineer)	Lieutenant -Colonel	Lieutenant -Colonel	Lieutenant -Colonel	Lieutenant -Colonel	Deputy  Superin- tendent	Deputy  Superin- tendent	Deputy  Superin- tendent	Senior  Superin- tendent
	Senior Lieutenant -Colonel	Senior Lieutenant -Colonel	Senior Lieutenant -Colonel
ME7 Senior Principal Expert (e.g. Senior Principal Engineer)	Colonel	Colonel	Colonel	Colonel	Superin- tendent	Superin- tendent	Superin- tendent	Deputy Chief  Superin- tendent

Collapse

---